As a gem and jewelry expert writing for Shelby Gem Factory, I’m excited to share my insights on the proper care and maintenance of your precious stones. Whether you’ve invested in a stunning diamond engagement ring, a vibrant ruby necklace, or a sleek moissanite bracelet, keeping your jewels in pristine condition is crucial for preserving their beauty and value.
Gemstone Characteristics
At the heart of any well-cared-for gemstone lie its unique physical properties. Understanding the composition, structure, and hardness of your gems is the first step in developing a effective care routine.
Gemstone Composition
Gemstones are naturally occurring crystalline materials, formed deep within the Earth’s crust over millions of years. They can be composed of a single mineral, like the carbon structure of diamonds, or a complex combination of minerals, such as the beryllium aluminum silicate that makes up emeralds. Knowing the exact chemical makeup of your gems can help you determine the appropriate cleaning methods and environmental conditions required to maintain them.
Gemstone Structure
The internal crystal structure of a gemstone is also critical to its durability and appearance. Moissanite, for example, has a tightly-bonded silicon-carbon lattice that gives it exceptional hardness and fire. Conversely, opal‘s structure of silica spheres results in a dazzling play of color but lower toughness. Familiarizing yourself with your gems’ structural properties will guide how you handle and store them.
Gemstone Hardness
The Mohs hardness scale, which ranges from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest), is a valuable reference for assessing a gemstone’s susceptibility to scratches, chips, and other physical damage. Diamonds, the hardest known natural material at 10 on the Mohs scale, can withstand significant impact. Emeralds, on the other hand, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5-8, require more delicate care to prevent fracturing. Matching your gems’ hardness to your lifestyle and wearing habits is crucial for long-term preservation.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Proper cleaning and storage techniques are essential for keeping your gemstones sparkling and protected.
Cleaning Methods
For most gemstones, a gentle soap and water solution, applied with a soft-bristled brush, is the safest cleaning method. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners, which can damage delicate stones. Pearls and opals, for example, should never be exposed to harsh detergents or high-pressure cleaning. When in doubt, consult a professional jeweler for personalized cleaning recommendations.
Storage Techniques
When not in use, store your gemstone jewelry in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. Use individual cloth or soft plastic bags to prevent scratches and maintain the stones’ luster. For necklaces and bracelets, consider a jewelry box with separate compartments to keep chains from tangling and clasps from snagging.
Inspection and Repair
Regularly inspect your gemstone jewelry for any loose settings, cracks, or signs of wear. Caught early, minor issues can often be repaired by a skilled jeweler before they worsen. If a stone does become dislodged, resist the temptation to reattach it yourself – leave the task to a professional to ensure a secure, long-lasting fix.
Environmental Factors
Environmental conditions can significantly impact the appearance and integrity of your gemstones over time.
Temperature and Humidity
Extreme temperature fluctuations and high humidity levels can cause certain gemstones to crack, change color, or even dissolve. Opals, for instance, are particularly sensitive to dry environments, while emeralds may develop internal fractures in overly humid conditions. Aim to store your jewelry in a climate-controlled space, such as a safe or jewelry box, to minimize exposure to these environmental stresses.
Exposure to Light
Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or harsh indoor lighting can also affect gemstone hues. Amethysts and citrine, for example, may fade over time when left in bright light. Rotating your jewelry displays and keeping pieces in a dark jewelry box when not worn can help preserve their vibrant colors.
Chemical Exposure
Chemicals found in household cleaners, lotions, and even perspiration can react with certain gemstones, causing discoloration, etching, or other forms of deterioration. Always remove your jewelry before engaging in activities that may expose it to harsh substances, and clean your gems immediately if they come into contact with any potentially damaging materials.
Handling Techniques
Gentle, deliberate handling is key to maintaining the integrity of your gemstone jewelry.
Proper Holding
When putting on or removing a piece of gemstone jewelry, grasp it by the metal setting or chain, not the stone itself. Applying direct pressure to the gem’s surface, even momentarily, can lead to chipping, cracking, or other types of permanent damage.
Wearing Precautions
Be mindful of your daily activities and adjust your jewelry-wearing habits accordingly. Avoid wearing delicate gemstones, like opals or pearls, during strenuous exercise or while engaging in tasks that may expose them to impact, abrasion, or chemicals. For added protection, consider a clear nail polish or a soft cloth wrap when participating in high-risk activities.
Transport and Travel
When traveling with your gemstone jewelry, store each piece individually in a padded jewelry box or case. This will prevent the stones from scratching or knocking against each other, which can cause chipping or other cosmetic issues. It’s also wise to pack your jewelry in your carry-on luggage to minimize the risk of loss or damage during transit.
Gemstone Types
The specific care requirements for your gemstone jewelry may vary depending on the type of gems used.
Precious Gems
Diamonds, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds are considered the most valuable and durable gemstones. These gems generally require less frequent cleaning and can withstand more rigorous handling, making them suitable for everyday wear. However, it’s still important to avoid exposing them to extreme conditions or abrasive surfaces.
Semi-Precious Gems
Amethysts, citrines, topazes, and garnets are examples of semi-precious gemstones. While less costly than their precious counterparts, these gems still require attentive care to maintain their appearance and structural integrity. Pay close attention to their Mohs hardness ratings and take appropriate precautions when wearing or cleaning them.
Synthetic Gems
Moissanite and cubic zirconia are popular synthetic gemstones that mimic the look of diamonds at a fraction of the cost. These lab-created stones are generally more durable than natural gems, but they can still be susceptible to scratches, chips, and discoloration if not properly maintained. Follow the same cleaning and handling guidelines as you would for natural gemstones.
Gemstone Settings
The type of setting used for your gemstone jewelry can also impact its care requirements.
Prong Settings
Prong settings, which hold the gem in place with small metal “claws,” allow for maximum light exposure and brilliance. However, they also leave the stone’s edges more vulnerable to chipping or snagging. Be extra cautious when wearing prong-set pieces and consider having the settings checked and tightened periodically by a jeweler.
Bezel Settings
In a bezel setting, the gemstone is encircled by a continuous metal rim that provides a more secure, protective environment. This type of setting is ideal for active lifestyles, as it helps shield the stone’s edges from impact and abrasion. Cleaning a bezel-set piece may require a bit more attention to ensure the metal rim is properly maintained.
Tension Settings
Tension settings suspend the gemstone between two metal pieces, using pressure to hold it in place. This unique design offers a sleek, minimalist aesthetic but requires specialized care. Avoid exposing tension-set pieces to sudden impacts or excessive force, as the pressure holding the stone in place can be easily disrupted.
Gemstone Cuts
The way a gemstone is cut and polished can also influence its durability and maintenance needs.
Standard Cuts
Round brilliant, princess, and cushion cuts are some of the most common gemstone shapes. These classic, symmetrical designs offer maximized brilliance and a timeless aesthetic. Maintaining the pristine facets and sharp edges of standard cuts typically requires a delicate touch when cleaning and handling.
Fancy Cuts
Oval, pear, marquise, and radiant cuts are considered “fancy” shapes. These elongated or asymmetrical designs can add visual interest to a gemstone, but their unconventional facet patterns may make them more vulnerable to chipping or wear over time. Extra care should be taken when cleaning and storing fancy-cut gems.
Custom Cuts
One-of-a-kind, custom-cut gemstones are becoming increasingly popular in high-end jewelry. These unique, often complex designs may require specialized cleaning methods and storage solutions to preserve their distinct features and maximize their lifespan.
Gemstone Certification
For valuable gemstone purchases, seek out third-party certification to ensure authenticity and quality.
GIA Certification
The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is the world’s most respected gemstone grading authority. GIA-certified gems come with detailed reports outlining their carat weight, color, clarity, and cut grade – crucial information for evaluating a stone’s value and determining appropriate care measures.
AGS Certification
The American Gem Society (AGS) also offers comprehensive gemstone certification, with a focus on ideal cut proportions and performance. AGS-certified gems are renowned for their exceptional fire, brilliance, and scintillation.
Independent Certification
Some jewelers may source gemstones that have been evaluated and certified by independent gemmological laboratories. While these reports may not carry the same industry-wide recognition as GIA or AGS, they can still provide valuable insights into a stone’s quality and authenticity.
Regardless of the certification route, investing in a professional evaluation can give you greater peace of mind when it comes to properly caring for your precious gemstone jewelry. With the right knowledge and techniques, you can ensure your gems continue to dazzle for years to come.
To learn more about Shelby Gem Factory’s selection of certified gemstone jewelry and our expert care services, please visit our website at www.shelbygemfactory.com. Our team of trained professionals is always happy to provide personalized guidance on maintaining the brilliance of your cherished gems.
